Interesting findings across articles suggesting leadership requirements may be different between the top of organisations and leadership at lower levels. Relevant to consider for those of us advising top teams. For lower level roles in organisations internal hires often turn out to be better performers (a) but there is evidence that externally hired CEOs perform no worse than internally hired CEOs (b). Personalising support for followers is usually considered positive (c) but some research shows too much personalisation from a CEO to her/his top team reduces an executive committee’s effectiveness (d).
Sources: (a) Bidwell (2011); (b) Quigley et al. (2019); (c) Wang et al. (2011); (d) Zhang et al. (2015).